What is the pathophysiology of mania?
What is the pathophysiology of mania?
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. Organic lesions associated with manic syndromes involve the areas of the brain that modulate neurovegetative functions (such as sleep, appetite, libido, and energy) and emotion.
What happens in the brain during bipolar disorder?
Bipolar Disorder May Change Your Brain’s Chemical Balance Scientists believe the main neurotransmitters affected by bipolar disorder include: Noradrenaline or norepinephrine, which increases alertness, arousal, and speeds up your reaction time. The neurotransmitter also plays a role in your ability to concentrate.
Is bipolar disorder a mood disorder?
Some examples of mood disorders include: Major depressive disorder — prolonged and persistent periods of extreme sadness. Bipolar disorder — also called manic depression or bipolar affective disorder, depression that includes alternating times of depression and mania.
What are the moods of bipolar?
Bipolar disorder is characterised by extreme mood swings. These can range from extreme highs (mania) to extreme lows (depression). Episodes of mania and depression often last for several weeks or months.
What causes mania in bipolar?
Possible causes of hypomania or mania include: high levels of stress. changes in sleep patterns or lack of sleep. using recreational drugs or alcohol.
What are triggers for bipolar disorder?
Factors that may increase the risk of developing bipolar disorder or act as a trigger for the first episode include: Having a first-degree relative, such as a parent or sibling, with bipolar disorder. Periods of high stress, such as the death of a loved one or other traumatic event. Drug or alcohol abuse.
What neurotransmitters are involved in bipolar disorder?
The neurotransmitters that are implicated in bipolar illness include dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate), glutamate, and acetylcholine.
What part of the brain is affected by bipolar disorder?
Participants with bipolar disorder exhibited thinner cortical gray matter in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. Bipolar disorder had the largest effect on left pars opercularis, left fusiform gyrus and left rostral middle frontal cortex.
What is the chemical imbalance in bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is widely believed to be the result of chemical imbalances in the brain. The chemicals responsible for controlling the brain’s functions are called neurotransmitters, and include noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine.