How a sinter plant works?
How a sinter plant works?
During the sintering process, iron ore fine particles agglomerate into a porous compact heterogeneous lumpy mass called SINTER by incipient fusion caused by the heat produced during the combustion of the solid fuel within the moving bed of loosely particles.
What is RI and RDI of sinter?
The RDI of Sinter is an important parameter to estimate the quality of sinter in low temperature zone (450-550oC) of blast furnace. At JSPL, in BF# 2, the desire RDI and RI value of sinter is 20-25 and 59-62 respectively.
What is ESP in sinter plant?
The ESP are located before the inlet of chimneys at Sinter Plant to scrub the emission of waste gasses. There are two chimneys at our plant – One chimney is dedicated for Process ESP and is designed for a maximum dust Emission level of 50mg/Nm3.
What fuel is used in sinter plant?
In most case, coke breeze is used as the fuel for sintering process. Coke has a high calorific value, low reactivity and a low volatile content. In recent years, brown coal coke, anthracite or also biomass have been used as fuel for sintering process (Findorák et al., 2013).
How many types of sinter are there?
Basically, sintering processes can be divided into two types: solid state sintering and liquid phase sintering.
Why is sintering done?
Sintering is the process of fusing particles together into one solid mass by using a combination of pressure and heat without melting the materials. Common particles that are sintered together include metal, ceramic, plastic, and other various materials.
What is FeO in sinter?
FeO is an indicator of the thermal state of the sintering process and is employed as a quality control tool at many plants. Laboratory pot sinters were made, and the variation in FeO was affected by varying the amount of coke breeze in the green mix from 55 to 85 kg t−1 of sinter.
What is sinter basicity?
To supply iron units and flux burden in blast furnaces, sinter basicity is one of the vital parameters for sinter plants. The sinter basicity also plays an important role in sinter quality since it imparts the formation of different mineral phases in sinter.
What is function of sinter plant in steel industry?
The sinter plant turns iron ore into sinter, which is the optimal product for the blast furnace. Sinter is made by burning a mix of iron ore powder, fluxes and recycled substances from the steel plant to create an open-grained, consistent substance. The sinter is then crushed, cooled and screened for dust.
What is the sintering temperature?
In general, high temperature sintering is considered to be from 1175°C (2150°F) to 1425°C (2600°F)[1].
What are the dust emissions from sinter plants?
Sinter plants are the major contributor to dust emissions from integrated ironworks and steelworks. The dust emissions from sinter plants are generated from raw material handling, wind box exhausts, the discharge end of the sinter strand associated with sinter crushers and hot screens, the cooler, and cold screens.
How does a sintering machine work?
In the mixing drum, the moisture content of the mix is controlled to about 4 – 5 % which is very important for keeping good permeability of the feed mix to the sinter machine. Feed mix thus uniformed in the preceding process is fed respectively into an ignition and a main layer hopper of the sintering machine by a reversible conveyer.
What are the advantages of sinter?
The best advantage of sinter is that it is self fluxed. CaO (from Limestone) and MgO (from Dolomite) in sinter, eliminate the direct feeding of the flux in BF which minimises the cost of the hot metal. Sinter may be charged up to 80 % safely.
How is return sinter mixed and processed?
Raw materials and crushed return sinter are then mixed and pelletized in mixing and conditioning drums. The moisture content of return sinter is controlled to within 2 – 3 % in the cooling drum as will be explained later.