What toxic metabolites does f Verticillioides produce and what is the main disease of concern for humans?
What toxic metabolites does f Verticillioides produce and what is the main disease of concern for humans?
Notorious among its secondary metabolites are the fumonisin mycotoxins, which cause severe animal diseases and are implicated in human disease.
What is F Moniliforme?
Fusarium verticillioides (formerly F. moniliforme; teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi) is a major fungal pathogen of cereals, including wheat, rice, sorghum, and maize. In maize, it grows as an endophyte in vegetative and reproductive tissues, normally causing no disease symptoms.
What is Fusarium used for?
Use as human food Fusarium venenatum is produced industrially for use as a human food by Marlow Foods, Ltd., and is marketed under the name Quorn in Europe and North America.
What is the danger of fumonisins?
The international agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) characterized FB1 as a group 2B possible carcinogen for human. Besides this, it can cause toxicity in several animals like rats, mice, and rabbits [27].
Can mycotoxins cause death?
Mycotoxins are poisonous substances produced by fungi or mold. They can be toxic for humans when they are eaten, absorbed into the skin, or inhaled. A small amount of mycotoxin can be damaging to human or animal health and even cause death. Poisoning by mycotoxins is called mycotoxicosis.
Where are fumonisins found?
While fumonisins occur worldwide, especially high concentrations have been found in China and southern Africa. Fumonisin concentrations in “home grown” corn from Linxiang, China, and areas of the Transkei, southern Africa, are continuously high, and concentrations exceeding 100 ppm have been occasionally reported.
What animal species are most susceptible to fumonisins?
Horses are very sensitive to fumonisins and develop liver toxicity and neurological signs of blindness, ataxia, and aimless circling that progresses to death; the lesion is leukoencephalomalacia or liquefactive necrosis of the white matter in cerebral hemispheres.