What is Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote?
What is Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote?
Trypomastigotes of T. cruzi are the only stage found circulating in human blood or CSF. In tissue, the parasite forms amastigotes characterized by a single nucleus and kinetoplast.
What are the life cycle of Trypanosoma Gambiense?
Trypanosoma gambiense is digenetic; i.e., it completes its life cycle in two hosts. The primary or definitive host is man. The mammals, like pigs, buffaloes, antelopes often act as reservoir hosts harbouring the parasite. The intermediate host is blood sucking insect called tsetse fly (Glossina palpalis).
What is trypomastigote form?
The trypomastigote is the infective flagellated form of the parasite found in the blood of the mammalian hosts (blood trypomastigote) and in the hindgut of vectors (metacyclic trypomastigote). Image courtesy of Peter Darben, MD. View Media Gallery. Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis).
What is the difference between amastigote and trypomastigote?
Trypomastigotes invade cells, where they reproduce asexually as amastigotes. The cell dies and amastigotes are released. Some will infect other cells and continue the amastigote reproductive cycle, while others will circulate in the blood, where they develop into nondividing trypomastigotes.
Is trypomastigote parasite?
2.2. T. cruzi trypomastigotes are highly specialized stages of the parasite life cycle that are capable of disseminating infection in the host. They circulate in blood and are able to infect a range of tissues during the acute stage of infection (Buckner et al., 1999).
How does Chagas disease reproduce?
The bloodstream trypomastigotes do not replicate (different from the African trypanosomes). Replication resumes only when the parasites enter another cell or are ingested by another vector. The “kissing bug” becomes infected by feeding on human or animal blood that contains circulating parasites .
What is the life cycle of a tsetse fly?
Female tsetse mate just once. After 7 – 9 days she produces a single egg which develops into a larva within her uterus. About nine days later, the mother produces a larva which burrows into the ground where it pupates. The mother continues to produce a single larva at roughly nine day intervals for her entire life.
What is the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma?
Pathogenesis of Trypanosomiasis in Animals Infected tsetse inoculate metacyclic trypanosomes into the skin of animals, where the trypanosomes reside for a few days and cause localized inflammation (chancres). They enter the lymph and lymph nodes, then the bloodstream, where they divide rapidly by binary fission.
What is the infective stage of Trypanosoma?
Infection occurs in two stages, an initial haemolymphatic stage followed by a meningoencephalitic stage after the trypanosomes invade the central nervous system (CNS).
Where does Trypanosoma cruzi live?
It is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted to animals and people by insect vectors and is found only in the Americas (mainly, in rural areas of Latin America where poverty is widespread).
How many stages does a tsetse fly undergo?
There are three larval instars in Glossina up to the time when the fully grown larva is dropped by the female fly: the first, second and third instars. The larva has a mouth at the anterior end, and two posterior spiracles.