How does TB affect mitochondrial metabolism?
How does TB affect mitochondrial metabolism?
Mtb targets mitochondria, similar to other intracellular pathogens, as it is the hub of cellular signaling pathways and rewires its metabolism to suit its nutrient demands. During this process, Mtb alters the mitochondrial structure and function for its survival by targeting it with a battery of secreted factors.
How does tuberculosis affect the mitochondria?
As will be discussed, TB antimicrobials predominantly affect mitochondrial function through the modulation of mitochondrial mass, MMP and ROS production, and by affecting the expression and function of specific complexes on the electron transport chain.
Which media is used for M tuberculosis?
The only media that allow abundant growth of M. tuberculosis are egg-enriched media with glycerol and asparagine (viz., Lowenstein- Jensen) or agar based media supplemented with bovine albumin (viz., Middlebrook, 7H10 or 7H11).
What is cording Why do you see it in mycobacteria?
The aggregation of mycobacterial cells in a definite order, forming microscopic structures that resemble cords, is known as cord formation, or cording, and is considered a virulence factor in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and the species Mycobacterium marinum.
Does Mycobacterium tuberculosis have organelles?
Mycobacteria, like many other prokaryotic organisms, do not appear to have membrane-bound organelles to organize the subcellular space. Nevertheless, mycobacteria and related bacteria grow their cell envelope in a spatially controlled manner, restricting cell elongation to the polar regions of the rod-shaped cell.
Which of the following is a fluorescent stain for mycobacteria?
Rhodamine auramine stain is used for the detection of mycobacteria directly from clinical specimens. The dye binds with the mycolic acids and fluoresces under ultraviolet light.
What is the role of cord factor?
Cord factor is virulent towards mammalian cells and critical for survival of M. tuberculosis in hosts, but not outside of hosts. Cord factor has been observed to influence immune responses, induce the formation of granulomas, and inhibit tumor growth.
What are serpentine cords?
Lipids are to some extent responsible for acid-fastness. Virulent strains of tubercle bacilli form microscopic “serpentine cords” in which acid-fast bacilli are arranged in parallel chains. Cord formation is correlated with virulence.
What is unique about Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) which is a unique acid fast gram positive bacterium. It is unique because of its high lipid and mycolic acid content of its cell wall. It neither contains phospholipid outer membrane nor retains dye.
Do Mycobacterium have mitochondria?
Mycobacterium species enter host macrophages during infection and target various cellular organelles and their function for their own benefit. Mitochondria appear to be among the important targets for bacterial pathogens.