What cells express CD74?
What cells express CD74?
CD74 is an integral transmembrane molecule playing a role in intracellular sorting of MHC class II molecules [30, 31]. This molecule is expressed by most of the B-cells, particularly follicular center cells, mantle cells, and activated B-lymphocytes [5, 32].
What does CD74 do?
Cell surface CD74 serves as a receptor for the cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on many cell types (3). In immune cells, MIF binding to CD74 induces a signaling cascade that results in regulation of cell proliferation and survival (3).
What is exogenous antigen presentation?
The exogenous pathway is utilized by specialized antigen-presenting cells to present peptides derived from proteins that the cell has endocytosed. The peptides are presented on MHC class II molecules. Proteins are endocytosed and degraded by acid-dependent proteases in endosomes; this process takes about an hour.
What is cross presentation in immunology?
Cross-presentation is the ability of certain professional antigen-presenting cells (mostly dendritic cells) to take up, process and present extracellular antigens with MHC class I molecules to CD8 T cells (cytotoxic T cells).
What is exogenous and endogenous antigen?
Endogenous antigens are antigens found within the cytosol of human cells such as viral proteins, proteins from intracellular bacteria, and tumor antigens. Exogenous antigens are antigens that enter from outside the body, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and free viruses.
What is the difference between endogenous and exogenous pathway?
The main difference between exogenous and endogenous antigens is that the exogenous antigens enter the body from the outside whereas the endogenous antigens are generated inside the body. Exogenous and endogenous antigens are the two main types of antigens in the body.
What is the T cell marker?
Characteristic markers of T cells are their T cell receptor (TCR) and a ubiquitous member of the TCR complex, CD3. They can further be subsetted into two predominant types by the expression of other surface molecules, CD4 (CD4+ or helper T cells) and CD8 (CD8+ or cytotoxic T cells).
What type of cells express CD74?
This molecule is expressed by most of the B-cells, particularly follicular center cells, mantle cells, and activated B-lymphocytes [5, 32]. A subpopulation of T-cells, macrophages, activated endothelial cells, and neoplastic plasma cells may also express CD74 [5, 32, 33].
What is the role of CD74 in MHC class II-associated antigen presentation?
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-associated antigen presentation involves an array of interacting molecules. CD74, the cell surface isoform of the MHC class II-associated invariant chain, is one such molecule; its role remains poorly defined.
What is the PMID for the CD74 gene?
PMC 47401. PMID 8397411. Human CD74 genome location and CD74 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Are CD74 autoantibodies an effective biomarker for diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis?
Autoantibodies against CD74 have been identified as promising biomarkers in the early diagnosis of the autoimmune disease called axial spondyloarthritis ( non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and radiographic axial spondyloarthritis / Ankylosing spondylitis ).