What is organ decellularization?
What is organ decellularization?
Decellularization (also spelled decellularisation in British English) is the process used in biomedical engineering to isolate the extracellular matrix (ECM) of a tissue from its inhabiting cells, leaving an ECM scaffold of the original tissue, which can be used in artificial organ and tissue regeneration.
What is perfusion decellularization?
Perfusion decellularization is a bioengineering technology that allows the generation of clinical-scale ECM scaffolds with preserved complex architecture and with an intact vascular template, from a variety of donor organs and tissues.
What factors may affect the decellularization process?
The most effective agents for decellularization of each tissue and organ will depend upon many factors, including the tissue’s cellularity (e.g. liver vs. tendon), density (e.g. dermis vs. adipose tissue), lipid content (e.g. brain vs. urinary bladder), and thickness (e.g. dermis vs.
Why is the process of decellularization important?
The ultimate goal of decellularization is to rid the ECM of native cells and genetic materials such as DNA while maintaining its structural, biochemical, and biomechanical cues. The decellularized ECM can then be repopulated with a patient’s own cells to produce a personalized tissue.
What is cell decellularization?
Decellularization is the process by which cells are discharged from tissues/organs, but all of the essential cues for cell preservation and homeostasis are retained in a three-dimensional structure of the organ and its extracellular matrix components.
What chemical is used for decellularization?
Tributyl phosphate (TBP) due to its unique properties can be used in decellularization process.
What are the three main components in tissue engineered constructs?
Three general components are involved in tissue engineering: (1) reparative cells that can form a functional matrix; (2) an appropriate scaffold for transplantation and support; and (3) bioreactive molecules, such as cytokines and growth factors that will support and choreograph formation of the desired tissue.
What organs can be Bioprinted?
Laboratories and research centers are bioprinting human livers, kidneys and hearts. The objective is to make them suitable for transplantation, and viable long-term solutions. In fact, this method could allow to cope with the lack of organ donors, and to better study and understand certain diseases.
How does 3D printing of organs work?
Organ printing utilizes techniques similar to conventional 3D printing where a computer model is fed into a printer that lays down successive layers of plastics or wax until a 3D object is produced. In the case of organ printing, the material being used by the printer is a biocompatible plastic.
What was the first organ to be tissue engineered?
The trachea: The first tissue-engineered organ? – The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.