What is the bunker industry?

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Bunkering is the supplying of fuel for use by ships (such fuel is referred to as bunker), including the logistics of loading and distributing the fuel among available shipboard tanks. A person dealing in trade of bunker (fuel) is called a bunker trader.

What is bunker analysis?

Bunker fuel analysis ensures marine fuel oil quality. Bunker fuel quality analysis helps prevent costly ship engine failure, downtime, and repairs. Analyzing marine bunker fuel also helps ship owners meet marine fuel environmental regulatory compliance.

What is bunker fuel market?

The Bunker Fuel Market is segmented by Fuel Type (High Sulfur Fuel Oil (HSFO), Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO), Marine Gas Oil (MGO), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and Other Fuel Types), Vessel Type (Containers, Tankers, General Cargo, Bulk Carriers, and Other Vessel Types), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia- …

What is TSP in marine fuel?

Total Sediment Potential (TSP): ISO 10307-2 (Thermal Aging) After 24 hours the flask is removed from the bath and shaken vigorously prior to passing through a filter paper. The result of the test is reported to the nearest 0.01% m/m and is expressed as Total Sediment Potential (TSP).

What is the difference between bunker and bunkering?

If a vessel is carrying marine fuel or lube oil to discharge it to another port, it will not be called “bunker”. If the vessel or truck is carrying it to transfer to another ship for using in its machinery, it will be termed as “bunker” and the operation performed to transport the oil is known as “bunkering”.

What are the documents usually prepared on bunkering operation?

A typical bunkering plan should include the following: Grades to be transferred, their amount and details, such us volumes, loading temperatures etc. Stability & Stress condition: Draft forward, draft mid, draft aft and sea condition.

How many samples are there in bunkering operations?

Number of samples to be taken: It is recommended that at least five samples are taken.

What are the types of bunker fuels?

As the term bunker fuel doesn’t refer to the fuel itself, it can donate to a number of fuel types, including heavy fuel oil (HFO) for large ocean-going vessels, marine gas oil (MGO), marine diesel oil (MDO) and marine fuel oil (MFO).

What is bunker grade?

Grades of Bunker fuel Bunker A – Gasoil range bunker fuel, typically called marine diesel or marine gasoil. Bunker B – Low-viscosity vac resid range bunker fuel. Typically cut with some lighter material (VGO) to reduce viscosity to the point that it will flow without heating. Bunker C – The most common form of bunker.

What is p value in fuel oil?

The p-value is used to quantify the stability of a fuel oil through titration and optical detection of asphaltene sludge. The p-ratio is a quantification used to evaluate the stability of a fuel oil in terms of “maximum flocculation ratio of the asphaltenes in the oil and the peptizing power of the oil medium” [12].

What is Lsmgo?

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