What is the process of blast furnace?
What is the process of blast furnace?
blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top.
What are the 3 raw materials in the blast furnace?
The three main raw materials used to make pig iron (which is the raw material needed to make steel) for primary steel production in a blast furnace are the processed iron ore, coke (residue left after heating coal in the absence of air, generally containing up to 90% carbon) and limestone (CaCO3) or burnt lime (CaO).
What is blast furnace in steel plant?
Blast furnace produces Hot metal (Liquid Iron) using Iron ore, Coke, Sinter, Pellets and fluxes such as Lime-stone, Pyroxenite, Quartzite reacting with oxygen from pre heated air.
What are the four raw materials used in the blast furnace?
The raw materials system consists of four bins for pellets or sinter, one bin for coke and two small bins for slag formers. Each material is weighed separately according to the actual recipe. The material is transported to the furnace top by a skip and to a receiving hopper.
Why is called blast furnace?
Special nozzles called “tuyeres” are used to put the air in the furnace. The nozzles are at the bottom of the furnace. This process is called “blasting”. It is why it is called a “blast furnace”.
What are the chemical reactions in a blast furnace?
The reactions of the blast furnace involve 1) combustion of the fuel and its conversion into carbon monoxide, 2) reduction of the ore, and 3) formation of slag. A reaction such as FeO + CO = Fe + CO2 can occur in both the forward and backward direction under conditions existing somewhere in the blast furnace.
Which iron ore is used in blast furnace?
Iron is mainly extracted from hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite ores. Natural or direct shipping iron ores contain between 50-70% iron and can be fed directly into the blast furnace. Fe3O4 decomposes when heated to ferrous oxide (FeO) and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) via Fe3O4 → FeO + Fe2O3.
What are the components of blast furnace?
The components of a blast furnace include the Charge, exhaust gas outlet, charging bells, gas outlet, tuyeres, taphole, bustle pipe, slag hole, refractory lining, and conveyor system.
What is the purpose of blast furnace?
The main purpose of a blast furnace is to convert the iron ores, mined in the form of hematite or magnetite, to pig iron. The blast furnace is in use after the iron ores have been converted into iron-rich pellets, and the coke and limestone prepared in the considerable amounts.
Why coke is used in blast furnace?
In the blast furnace route of ironmaking, metallurgical coke are used for four main purposes: first to act as a reducing agent, second to fulfil the energy demand of the endothermic reduction reactions, third to maintain the structure and permeability inside the furnace and fourth to act as a carburiser for freshly …
What is the height of blast furnace?
Blast furnace produces molten iron, and it is indispensable to steelworks operation. With 110 meters in height, its scale is enormous. All the steel products we see in our everyday lives are made from the molten iron.